Which medication is commonly used as a first-line intervention for elevated ICP?

Mannitol is recognized as a first-line intervention for elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) due to its osmotic diuretic properties. It works by drawing water out of the brain tissue and into the vascular space, effectively reducing cerebral edema and lowering ICP. Mannitol creates an osmotic gradient that promotes the movement of water, which is critical in conditions where brain swelling occurs, such as traumatic brain injury or stroke.

In addition to reducing overall cerebral volume, Mannitol helps maintain cerebral perfusion pressure, which is crucial for brain function. It achieves this without significantly affecting systemic blood pressure, making it particularly useful in managing patients with elevated ICP. The rapid onset of action and the ability to easily administer Mannitol intravenously further support its use as a first-line treatment in acute scenarios.

Other options, while they may play roles in managing different aspects of patient care, do not primarily target the immediate reduction of ICP in the same effective manner as Mannitol. For example, Furosemide, though a diuretic, is not typically used for this purpose due to its less effective action on cerebral edema. Dopamine is primarily used as a vasopressor to manage blood pressure rather than directly addressing ICP, and Hydrochlorothiazide is