Air Methods Critical Care Practice Exam

Fetal hypoperfusion is a condition in which there is insufficient blood flow to the fetus, often leading to concerning changes in fetal heart rate and well-being. One of the primary physiological responses to fetal hypoperfusion is tachycardia, which is a heart rate greater than 160 beats per minute. This occurs due to the fetal body's attempt to compensate for decreased oxygen delivery and nutrient supply as a result of inadequate perfusion.

Increased heart rate indicates that the fetus may be under stress, which can arise from a variety of factors including placental insufficiency or maternal health issues. Recognizing fetal tachycardia is crucial, as it usually signifies that the fetus is experiencing a stress response, which can be a direct consequence of compromised blood flow.

The other options provided do not accurately describe the expected characteristics of fetal hypoperfusion. For instance, decreased fetal heart rate variability or a heart rate less than 120 bpm would typically indicate severe fetal distress or a different set of pathological conditions, rather than direct evidence of hypoperfusion. Conversely, increased fetal movement is generally associated with well-being, and increased activity is not characteristic of a state of distress or hypoperfusion.

Understanding these dynamics is essential for recognizing and responding to fetal distress